What are the characteristics of non-standard tool structure

There are three types of non-standard tool structures: integral, welded and mechanically clamped. The integral structure is to make the edge on the tool body; the welded structure is to braze the tool disc to the steel tool body; there are two kinds of mechanical clamping structures.

The clamping part and the working part of the non-standard tool of the overall structure are made on the tool body; the working part of the non-standard tool of the embedded tooth structure (tooth or blade) is embedded in the tool body. The working part of the non-standard tool is the chip generation and processing part, including the structure of the insert, chip breaking or chip rolling, chip removal or storage space, the channel of cutting fluid, etc. 

The working part of the non-standard tool is the chip generation and processing part. Some non-standard tools work in the cutting part, such as turning tools, planing tools, boring tools, milling tools, etc.; some non-standard tools work in the cutting part and calibration part, such as drills, reamers, internal surface broaches and taps, etc. The function of the cutting part is to cut chips with the cutting edge, and the role of the calibration part is to polish the machined surface and guide the non-standard tools.

There are two types of clamping parts for non-standard tools, one with a hole and the other with a shank. The non-standard tools with holes are mounted on the machine tool spindle or spindle by the bore, and the torque is transmitted by the shaft key or end key, such as cylindrical milling cutters, sleeve type face milling cutters, etc. 

Three types of non-standard tool shanks are usually available: rectangular shank, cylindrical shank and tapered shank. Turning tools, planers, etc. are generally rectangular shanks; tapered shanks have a taper that withstands axial thrust and transmits torque with the help of friction; cylindrical shanks are usually suitable for small non-standard tools, such as twist drills and end mills, and transmit torque with the help of friction generated in the clamping process. Many non-standard tools with handles are made of low-alloy steel, while the working parts are made of HSS butt-welded.

Since standard tools are used to cut a variety of common metal or non-metal parts, they can easily stick to the tool when the workpiece is overheated and hardened, or when the workpiece is made of stainless steel, and in some cases the surface geometry of the workpiece is very complex, or the roughness of the machined surface is so demanding that standard tools cannot meet the machining requirements. Therefore, during the machining process, the material, geometry and geometric angle of the tool need to be designed, which can be divided into two categories: no special customization and special customization.