The main types and characteristics of CNC tools

Types of CNC machining tools:

CNC machining tools can be divided into two categories: conventional tools and modular tools. Modular tools are the direction of development. The main advantages of the development of modular tools: reduce tool change downtime, improve production processing time; speed up the tool change and installation time, improve the economy of small batch production; improve the degree of standardization and rationalization of tools; improve the management of tools and flexible processing; expand the utilization of tools, give full play to the performance of tools; effectively eliminate the interruption of tool measurement work, can be used outside the line pre-conditioning. In fact, due to the development of modular tools, CNC tools have formed three major systems, namely, turning tool system, drilling tool system and boring and milling tool system.

(1) From the structure can be divided into

①Integrated type

②inlay type can be divided into welding type and machine clamping type. (ii) Machine-clamped type is divided into indexable and non-indexable according to the structure of the tool body.

③Vibration-damping type When the working arm length of the tool is larger than the diameter, this type of tool is mostly used in order to reduce the vibration of the tool and improve the machining accuracy.

④Internal cooling type The cutting fluid is sprayed to the cutting edge of the tool by the spray hole inside the tool body.

⑤ Special types such as composite tools, reversible tapping tools, etc.

(2) From the materials used in manufacturing can be divided into

①high-speed steel tools high-speed steel is usually a billet material, toughness than carbide, hardness, wear resistance and red hardness than carbide is poor, not suitable for cutting harder materials, but also not suitable for high-speed cutting. High-speed steel tools need to be sharpened by the producer before use, and sharpening is convenient, suitable for a variety of special needs of non-standard tools.

②carbide tools Carbide inserts have excellent cutting performance and are widely used in CNC turning. Carbide inserts have standard specifications series, specific technical parameters and cutting performance provided by the tool manufacturer.

Carbide inserts are divided into three categories according to international standards: P, M and K.

P class - suitable for processing steel, long chip malleable cast iron (equivalent to China's YT class)

M class - suitable for processing austenitic stainless steel, cast iron, high manganese steel, alloy cast iron, etc. (equivalent to China's YW class)

M-S class - suitable for processing heat-resistant alloys and titanium alloys

K class - suitable for processing cast iron, chilled cast iron, short chip malleable cast iron, non-titanium alloys (equivalent to China's YG class)

K-N class - suitable for processing aluminum, non-ferrous alloys

K-H class - suitable for processing hardened materials

③Ceramic tools

④Cubic boron nitride tools

⑤ diamond tools